过去进行时的结构和用法(过去进行时)
大家好,我是小十,我来为大家解答以上问题。过去进行时的结构和用法,过去进行时很多人还不知道,现在让我们一起来看看吧!
1 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作,常和表示过去时间的状语then,at this(that) time, yesterday,at nine,last night等连用。但在不少情况下,没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示。
What were you doing at nine last night?
昨晚九点时,你在做什么?
I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.
昨天下午我打电话给你,但是没有人接电话。
I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.
我昨天下午大部分时间,都在一个朋友家里。
2 当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时,用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句,也可用于从句。
It was raining hard when I left my office.
当我离开办公室时,雨下得正大。
When you called,I was eating.
你打电话时,我正在吃饭。
When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor.
(当)我在擦窗户的时候,我弟弟在拖地。
Some students were playing football,while others were running round the track.
一些学生在踢足球,同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。
We were walking along the river when(suddenly) It rained.
我们沿着河边散步,突然下起雨来。
They were watching TV when the lights went out.
停电时,他们刚好在看电视。(注意:同上例)
3 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作,同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。
She went to see Xiao Li.
He was leaving early the next morning.
她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。
She asked him whether he was coming back
to lunch.
她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。
4 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作,而一般当两个延续动作同时并行时,二者都可用过去进行时表达。
此时的when是连词,与上面第2.3例不同,只能用于句子中间。过去时则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说用一般过去时,只是表示有过这件事;用过去进行时,则强调了动作的连续性。
Li Ming washed the dishes.
李明洗过盘子了。
Li Ming was washing the dishes.
李明在洗盘子。
The children watched TV yesterday evening.
昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。
The children were watching TV yesterday evening.
昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。(没干别的)
I was reading a novel this morning.
上午我在看小说。(可能没看完)
I read a novel this morning.
上午我看了一本小说。(已经看完了)
过去进行时
(1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
(2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。
(3) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例题
(1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
(2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。
过去进行时的基本用法:表示过去某个时刻或时间正在进行过持续进行的动作,句中往往需要有时间状语来表示这一特定的时间.
What were they doing just now?
他们刚才在干什么?
________________________________________________________________
具体概念
一、 概念和用法:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:last night, last Saturday等;或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用。例如:
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
二、 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如:
What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)
When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)
三、 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如:
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如:
误:I was knowing the answer.
正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误:I wasn‘t understanding him.
正:I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
句型:
肯定句:主语+was/were+doing+其它
否定句:主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑问句及答语:Was/Were+主语+doing+其它
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它
本文到此讲解完毕了,希望对大家有帮助。